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| − | {{ARM/breadcrumb}}
| + | This page has been moved to the official NixOS Wiki: |
| − | <div class="infobox">
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| − | {|class="table"
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| − | !colspan="2" class="title"|PINE A64-LTS
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| − | |-
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| − | |colspan="2"|[[File:Pine-a64-lts.jpg|frameless|256px|A PINE A64-LTS with eMMC.]]
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| − | |-
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| − | !Manufacturer
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| − | |PINE64 (Pine Microsystems Inc.)
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| − | |-
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| − | !Architecture
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| − | |AArch64
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| − | |-
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| − | !Bootloader
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| − | |Upstream U-Boot<ref>https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/32553#issuecomment-373915787</ref>
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| − | |-
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| − | !Boot order
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| − | |SD, eMMC, SPI NOR Flash
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| − | |-
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| − | !Maintainer
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| − | |[[User:samueldr|samueldr]]
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| − | |}
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| − | </div>
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| − | {{note|While made by the same manufacturer and using an Allwinner SOC, the <em>[[NixOS on ARM/PINE A64|PINE A64]]</em> (non LTS) does not use the same bootloader.}}
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| | | | |
| − | The PINE A64-LTS is an affordable "Long Time Supply" single board computer built around the Allwinner R18 SOC.
| + | ⇒ '''[https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/NixOS_on_ARM/PINE_A64-LTS NixOS_on_ARM/PINE_A64-LTS]''' |
| | | | |
| − | It can boot from SD or from an eMMC.
| + | ''— samueldr, Lead of NixOS on ARM.'' |
| − | | |
| − | The [https://www.pine64.org/?page_id=1491 SOPINE board] from the same manufacturer, using the Baseboard "Model A" should be 100% compatible with the A64-LTS; the A64-LTS support is built using the device tree of the Baseboard "Model A". Though untested, this should mean that the Baseboard "Model A" will work with NixOS<sup>[testing needed]</sup>.
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| − | | |
| − | == Status ==
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| − | | |
| − | Upstream NixOS AArch64 image boots on the PINE A64-LTS, using the proper upstream U-Boot.
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| − | | |
| − | U-boot support [https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/32553#issuecomment-373915787 has been added 2018-03-18]. The bootloader with SPL can be downloaded from these location:
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| − | | |
| − | * [http://cs.helsinki.fi/u/tmtynkky/sopine-u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin <code>sopine-u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin</code> built by Dezgeg.]
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| − | * [https://hydra.nixos.org/job/nixpkgs/trunk/ubootSopine.aarch64-linux Trunk builds on hydra.]
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| − | | |
| − | == Board-specific installation notes ==
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| − | | |
| − | First follow the [[NixOS_on_ARM#Installation|generic installation steps]] to get the installer image on an SD card or the eMMC. A compatible eMMC to SD may be required to flash the eMMC. If you do not have one available, it is possible to boot another operating system on the A64-LTS and from there <code>dd</code> to the eMMC.
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| − | | |
| − | U-Boot needs to be copied to specific sectors on the microSD card with <code>dd</code>. Download U-Boot for the board (<code>sopine-u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin</code>), and copy it to the correct location with (again, replace <code>/dev/sdX</code> with the correct path to the SD card device):
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| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">sudo dd if=sopine-u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin of=/dev/sdX bs=1024 seek=8</syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | Then, install using the [[NixOS_on_ARM#NixOS_installation_.26_configuration|installation and configuration steps]].
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| − | | |
| − | == Serial console==
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| − | | |
| − | Follows a simplified drawing of the edge of the Pine A64-LTS, with two locations to tap for serial.<ref>http://wiki.pine64.org/index.php/PINE_A64-LTS/SOPine_Main_Page#PINE_A64-LTS_Board_Features</ref><ref>http://files.pine64.org/doc/Pine%20A64%20Schematic/Pine%20A64%20Pin%20Assignment%20160119.pdf</ref>
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| − | | |
| − | [[File:Pine-A64-LTS_partial-pinout.png|frameless|860px]]
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| − | | |
| − | {| class="table"
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| − | |-
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| − | !colspan="2" style="background: #fafafa"| EXP Connector
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| − | |-
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| − | ! Pin
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| − | ! Function
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| − | |-
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| − | | 7
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| − | | UART0_TX
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| − | |-
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| − | | 8
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| − | | UART0_RX
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| − | |-
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| − | | 9
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| − | | GND
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| − | |-
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| − | !colspan="2" style="background: #fafafa"| Euler "e" Connector
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| − | |-
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| − | ! Pin
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| − | ! Function
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| − | |-
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| − | | 29
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| − | | UART0_TX
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| − | |-
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| − | | 30
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| − | | UART0_RX
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| − | |-
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| − | | 33
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| − | | GND
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| − | |}
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| − | | |
| − | == Compatibility notes ==
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| − | | |
| − | {| class="table arm-compatibility"
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| − | !colspan="2" style="background: #fafafa"| Mainline kernel
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| − | |-
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| − | ! Ethernet
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| − | |
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| − | * Up to and including 4.19, ethernet seems to have troubles. The interface is detected but does not work right.
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| − | * Verified only starting with 4.20 (rc4 tested), ethernet seems to work sometimes. It may fail with <code>dmesg</code> messages like <code>dwmac-sun8i 1c30000.ethernet eth0: Could not attach to PHY</code> and <code>dwmac-sun8i 1c30000.ethernet eth0: stmmac_open: Cannot attach to PHY (error: -19)</code>.
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| − | |-
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| − | ! HDMI
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| − | |
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| − | * Starting with 4.20 (rc4 tested), HDMI output works.
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| − | * Up to and including 4.19, HDMI output does not work.
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| − | |}
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| − | | |
| − | === Downstream kernel ===
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| − | | |
| − | Using a kernel based on the downstream patches, it is possible to get both Ethernet and HDMI working.
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| − | | |
| − | * [https://github.com/CallMeFoxie/linux/tree/v4.14-pine64 CallMeFoxie/linux@v4.14-pine64]
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| − | * [https://forum.pine64.org/showthread.php?tid=4931 Pine64 Forum post by CallMeFoxie]
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| − | | |
| − | {{note|Keep in mind that using non-upstream forks of the kernel always incurs some risk as far as security goes.}}
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| − | | |
| − | Follows an example derivation and overlay to build the known working fork.
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| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
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| − | # linux-pine64.nix
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| − | { fetchFromGitHub, buildLinux, ... } @ args:
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| − | buildLinux (args // rec {
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| − | version = "4.14.23";
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| − | modDirVersion = "4.14.23";
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| − | extraMeta.branch = "4.14";
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| − | src = fetchFromGitHub {
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| − | owner = "CallMeFoxie";
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| − | repo = "linux";
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| − | rev = "f0899693d21e15ce32df4d4702f236dfe3e0eba7";
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| − | sha256 = "043q7v7c5w84dnbgsmz117q712ljqrgay5707pz4vnvxl53czk4h";
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| − | };
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| − | extraMeta.platforms = [ "aarch64-linux" ];
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| − | structuredExtraConfig = {
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| − | # Options for HDMI.
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| − | # Fixes this:
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| − | # sun4i-drm display-engine: master bind failed: -517
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| − | SUN8I_DE2_CCU = "y";
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| − | };
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| − | } // (args.argsOverride or {}))
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="nix">
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| − | # overlay.nix
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| − | self: super:
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| − | | |
| − | let
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| − | inherit (super) callPackage kernelPatches;
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| − | in
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| − | {
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| − | linux_pine64_4_14 = callPackage ./linux-pine64.nix {
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| − | kernelPatches = [
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| − | kernelPatches.bridge_stp_helper
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| − | kernelPatches.modinst_arg_list_too_long
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| − | ];
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| − | };
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| − | linuxPackages_pine64_4_14 = self.linuxPackagesFor self.linux_pine64_4_14;
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| − | }
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
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| − | | |
| − | == SPI NOR flash ==
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| − | | |
| − | The Pine A64-LTS is equipe with a 4MB SPI NOR flash chip. The CPU will read the bootloader from it, after trying the SD card and the eMMC.
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| − | | |
| − | Flashing U-Boot to the SPI NOR flash will allow booting the <code>sd-image-aarch64.img</code> based images without further manipulating the image or the boot device (e.g. without embedding U-Boot to the usb drive). It may also allow booting UEFI compliant AArch64 images, though this is unverified.
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| − | | |
| − | The author did not find ways to flash the NOR flash from a running Linux system using the mainline kernel.
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| − | | |
| − | === Flashing from FEL ===
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| − | | |
| − | The easiest method to trigger [http://linux-sunxi.org/FEL FEL mode] is to not have previously flashed the SPI NOR flash with a valid bootloader, and to remove all storage devices used to boot. The Pine A64-LTS will fallback to FEL mode.
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| − | | |
| − | To connect the Pine A64-LTS to the computer in FEL mode, you will need a USB A-to-A (male to male) cable, and plug to the upper USB port<ref>http://linux-sunxi.org/Pine64#FEL_mode</ref>.
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| − | | |
| − | Once started in FEL mode, the computer should see the following device.
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| − | | |
| − | <pre>
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| − | Bus ___ Device ___: ID 1f3a:efe8 Onda (unverified) V972 tablet in flashing mode
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| − | </pre>
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| − | | |
| − | It is, then, possible to use <code>sunxi-fel</code> from <code>sunxi-tools</code> to flash the a bootloader to the SPI NOR flash.
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| − | | |
| − | {{note|As of 2018-11-24, the <code>sunxi-tools</code> package is not up-to-date enough, and does not have the required <code>spiflash-write</code> sub-command. See {{pull|51007}}.}}
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| − | | |
| − | <pre>
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| − | $ nix-shell -p sunxi-tools
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| − | [nix-shell:~]$ sudo sunxi-fel -l
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| − | USB device ___:___ Allwinner A64 ________:________:________:________
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| − | [nix-shell:~]$ sudo sunxi-fel -p spiflash-write 0 u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin
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| − | 100% [================================================] 575 kB, 96.9 kB/s
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| − | </pre>
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| − | | |
| − | Once complete, unplug the power from the Pine A64-LTS, unplug the Pine A64-LTS from the host computer, and try booting without storage devices, but either serial or HDMI. When successful, U-Boot will start, and eventually try to network boot.
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| − | | |
| − | {{note|Once a valid bootloader is on the SPI NOR flash, FEL mode will not be entered automatically. [http://linux-sunxi.org/FEL Follow instructions of the FEL page of the linux-sunxi wiki] for alternative ways to enter FEL mode.}}
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| − | | |
| − | === Flashing from U-Boot ===
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| − | | |
| − | It is possible, through using a U-Boot bootloader built from the u-boot-sunxi tree, to write to the SPI NOR flash. The [https://github.com/ayufan-pine64/bootloader-build ayufan-pine64/bootloader-build] has such a build. Using the released <code>.img</code> files, it is possible to write their custom build or erase their custom build. From their custom build, it is possible to write to the SPI NOR flash using the <code>sf</code> command<ref>https://github.com/ayufan-pine64/bootloader-build/blob/d7e891cbee8a559ea50cf25ee18aa9d7b4ea9d58/blobs/flash-spi.cmd#L11-L13</ref>.
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| − | | |
| − | <pre>
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| − | # Detect the SPI NOR flash
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| − | => sf probe
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| − | SF: Detected w25q128bv with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 16 MiB
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| − | # Sanity checks
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| − | => ls mmc 0:1
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| − | 558296 u-boot.bin
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| − | 1 file(s), 0 dir(s)
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| − | # Loading the bootloader from an SD card
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| − | => load mmc 0:1 ${kernel_addr_r} /u-boot.bin
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| − | reading /u-boot.bin
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| − | 558296 bytes read in 79 ms (6.7 MiB/s)
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| − | # Erasing the SPI NOR flash
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| − | => sf erase 0 3e8000
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| − | SF: 4096000 bytes @ 0x0 Erased: OK
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| − | # Writing to the SPI NOR flash
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| − | => sf write ${kernel_addr_r} 0 3e8000
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| − | device 0 offset 0x0, size 0x3e8000
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| − | SF: 4096000 bytes @ 0x0 Written: OK
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| − | </pre>
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| − | | |
| − | == Resources ==
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| − | | |
| − | * [https://www.pine64.org/?page_id=46823 Official product page]
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| − | * [https://linux-sunxi.org/Xunlong_Orange_Pi_PC linux-sunxi wiki page]
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